Vol 15 Iss 5

Pdf  

Investigating the Impact of COVID 19 Outbreak on Stock Market Returns: Evidence from Pakistan

Nazima Ellahi^a, Jamshaid ur Rehman^b, Numair Ahmad Sulehri^c, Muhammad Abrar Ahmad^d, Tanzeela Qureshi^e, ^aAssociate Professor, Department of Economics & Finance, Foundation University Islamabad, Pakistan, ^bAssistant Professor, Department of Economics, Government College University Lahore, Pakistan, ^cAssistant Professor, Department of Business Administration, Foundation University Islamabad, Pakistan, ^dAssistant Professor, Department of History and Arts, Division of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Education, Lower Mall Campus, Lahore, ^eResearch Assistant, Department of Economics & Finance, Foundation University Islamabad, Email: ^anazimaellahi@yahoo.com, ^bjamshaidrehman@gcu.edu.pk, ^csulehri39@gmail.com, ^droyal_rana@hotmail.com, ^etanzeelaq@gmail.com

Since the world has entered the second wave of COVID 19, empirical studies discussing the Covid-19 outbreak and its impact on stock market returns and liquidity are very limited. This study expects to fill the gap and aims to find the impact of the COVID 19 pandemic on stock market returns and the relationship between market liquidity and Pakistan's stock market returns. In general, it finds that the spread of COVID-19 had a statistically negative impact on daily market returns and liquidity. Pages 1 to 9 

Pdf  

A Comparative Analysis of Marketing Strategies among Public and Private Secondary Schools

Dr. Nazir Haider Shah^a, Dr. Ghulam Nabi^b, Ms. Naveeda Zeb^c, Dr. Muhammad Naqeeb ul Khalil Shaheen^d, Ms. Nadia Nazir^e, Syed Javad Ahmad Gillani^f, Sakina Jumani^{g a}Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Kotli, AJ&K, ^b,cAssistant Professor, Department of Business Administration, University of Kotli AJ&K, ^dLecturer, Department of Education, University of Kotli AJ&K, ^eLecturer, Department of Education, Mohi-Ud-Din Islamic University, Nerian Sharif AJ&K, ^fM. Phil Scholar, Department of Education, Mohi-ud-Din Islamic University, Nerian Sharif, AJ&K, ^g Lecturer, Department of Education, University of Sufism and Modern Technology, Bhit Shah Singh

 Email: ^anazirshah786@gmail.com, ^bdr.ghulamnabi@uokajk.edu.pk, ^cnaveeda.zeb@uokajk.edu.pk, ^dnaqeeb.shaheen@gmail.com, ^enadianazir481@yahoo.com 

The main purpose of the present study was to compare the marketing strategies of public and private secondary schools. The study was descriptive in nature and survey method was applied for the collection of data. 347 secondary schools head teachers/principals working in 150 public and197 private secondary schools of Azad Jammu & Kashmir were the population of the study. 245 head teachers/principals were selected as a sample by using proportionate stratified random sample technique. A questionnaire on the five point Likert Scale was developed to collect data from head teachers/principals. The data was analysed through percentage and mean score. For the comparison of public and private school marketing strategies the researcher used independent sample t-test analysis. It was found that head teachers/principals of public schools were using marketing strategies of promotion, people, process, physical facilities, prominence, programs and that head teachers/principals of private schools were using marketing strategies of price, programs, promotion, prospectus, people, premium, process and physical facilities. It was found that head teachers/principals of private secondary schools were using better marketing strategies than public secondary schools. It is recommended that government may allow the public sector schools to utilise these strategies of Private sector schools. Pages 10 to 25

Pdf

Impact of Despotic Leadership on Organisational Citizenship Behaviour and Employee Performance: Interactive Effect of Islamic Work Ethics

Ms. Naveeda Zeb^a, Dr. Ghulam Nabi^b, Dr. Nazir Haider Shah^c, Dr. Muhammad Naqeeb ul Khalil Shaheen^d, Dr. Faheem Ghazanfar^e, ^a,bAssistant Professor, Department of Business Administration, University of Kotli AJ&K, ^cAssistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Kotli AJ&K, ^dLecturer, Department of Education, University of Kotli AJ&K, ^eAssociate Professor, Department of Public Administration, University of Kotli AJ&K, Email: ^anaveeda.zeb@uokajk.edu.pk, ^bdr.ghulamnabi@uokajk.edu.pk, ^c*nazirshah786@gmail.com, ^dnaqeeb.shaheen@gmail.com, ^ff.ghazanfar@uokajk.edu.pk

Leadership is said to be the attitude of an individual to influence their followers who are the source of an organisation’s performance. The intention of this study was to check the impact of despotic leadership on employee performance and organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) with the moderating effect of Islamic work ethics (IWE).  The researchers collected data from various organisations operating in the banking and education sectors located in Rawalpindi and Islamabad. The study sample consisted of the 300 employees and respondents belonging to different managerial levels which  ranged from entry-level clerical staff to high management positions.  Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires by using the convenient sampling technique. The results indicated that Islamic work ethics moderated in despotic leadership and performance relationship. Whereas in case of organisational citizenship behaviour no moderation was observed. It is recommended that practitioners may add a personality test in the process of selection and recruitment and the organisation also can find out the efforts of employees which ultimately assert the job satisfaction among employees. Pages 26 to 41

Pdf

The Effect of Sustainable Asymmetric Market Conditions on Returns & Volatility in Stock Markets during a Global Financial Crisis

Majid Imdad Khan¹, Aftab Ahmad²*, Rana Shahid Imdad Akash³, Asif Mahmood⁴, Ayyaz Ahmad⁵ and Shagufta Yasmin⁶, ¹Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan, ²Department of Electrical Engineering, NFC Institute of Engineering and Fertlizers Research (NFC-IEFR), Faisalabad, Pakistan,  ³School of Business Management, NFC Institute of Engineering and Fertlizers Research (NFC-IEFR), Faisalabad, Pakistan, ⁴Department of Business Studies, Namal Institute, Mianwali, Pakistan, ⁵Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia, ⁶School of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Technology Management (UMT), Lahore, Pakistan, Email: ¹scc.ranamajid@gmail.com, ^2*aftabahmadrao@gmail.com, ³shahid.imdad@yahoo.com, ⁴asif.mahmood@namal.edu.pk, ⁵ay.ahmad@uoh.edu.sa, ⁶s2018262012@umt.edu.pk;

DOI: 10.53333/IJICC2013/15504

Sustainable asymmetric market conditions’ development and volatility in stock returns play a vital role in investment decisions during a global financial crisis. Rational investment decisions and portfolio diversification can have the optimum returns. However, portfolio diversification through Islamic stock returns is perceived as a model of safer flight than that of conventional stocks. In the present study, the GARCH (1,1) - (Mean and Variance equations) has been employed to predict the impact of asymmetric market conditions on returns and volatility of Islamic stock markets (Dow Jones Islamic Market Malaysia (DJIM), Dow Jones Islamic Market Indonesia (JKII) and Dow Jones World Islamic Index (DJWI) Benchmark), and Conventional stock markets (Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE-China), Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE-India) and Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSE-Pakistan), during the global financial crisis. The analysis reveals that the bullish effect was higher in all stock markets. Overall results suggested that Islamic stock markets have a sustainable impact of asymmetric market conditions on returns and volatility of Islamic stock markets & conventional stock markets during the global financial crisis. The asymmetric market conditions in stock markets are strongly recommended for economic globalisation during a global financial crisis. Pages 42 to 56

Pdf

Enhancing Organisational Productivity: Dependence of Transformational Leadership on Organisational Culture and Organisational Justice

Dr. Irfan Ullah Khan¹, Dr. Muhammad Idris², Dr. Tariq Mehmud³, ¹Department of Public Administration, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan, ²Department of Education, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan (AWKUM), Pakistan, ³Deputy Director ORIC, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan (AWKUM), Pakistan, Email: ¹irfanullah@gu.edu.pk

The qualities of a transformational leader are neither enough nor suffice the creation of leadership impacts on organisational productivity, rather they need support of the organisational culture and justice system. While having the requisite organisational culture and justice for transformational leadership, the leader has less to do. However, it also suggests that introducing transformational leadership in the organisation begins with a lot of efforts on the part of leaders in developing the required background of organisational culture and prevalence of justice as a just culture is helpful in building organisational justice. The leaders’ success is first to create this kind of work-environment emerging in the form of a line of transformational leaders across the organisational hierarchy. The current study, thus, measures the support of the organisational culture and justice, once created, for the relationship between leadership and organisational productivity. The results surprisingly show that despite the significant relationship between the transformational leadership and organisational productivity, both the mediators (organisational culture and justice) disconnect this link and take over the whole responsibility of generating positive variation in organisational productivity. While adopting the transformational-leadership style, the findings are helpful to the managers and administrators of higher education. Pages 57 to 70

Pdf

Social Entrepreneurship Looks at Poverty Reducing Policy of Rural Support Programs in Sindh, Pakistan

Syed Muneer Ahmed Shah^a, Shoukat Ali Mahar^b, Nazar Hussain^c, Mujeeb ur Rehman^d, Abdul Shakoor^e, ^a,b,c,Department of Public Administration SALU Khairpur Mirs, Pakistan, ^dDepartment of Media and Communication Studies SALU Khairpur Mirs Pakistan, ^eDepartment of Sociology SALU Khairpur Mirs, Pakistan, Email: ^cnazar.hussain@salu.edu.pk

Social entrepreneurship is a tool to handle social issues by developing innovative ideas that are carried out by organisations to achieve their goals and objectives. So function of social entrepreneurship in Sindh Rural Support Organisation (SRSO) is seen in reducing poverty in Khairpur District. In this research random sampling was used by applying Krejcie and Morgan table. It is concluded that SRSO is going to maintain this intention and it works at great extend in poverty alleviation in Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan. In this regard, research objectives, research questions and hypotheses were discussed in light of regression analysis that is comprised of model summary, Anova and Coefficient, further Pearson Correlation was applied to see the relationship of social entrepreneurship with poverty alleviation. Hence it is investigated that social entrepreneurship related with poverty reduction and it also positively and significantly worked in reducing poverty. Pages 71 to 81

Pdf

Outstretching Feminism and Rerouting the Course of Society: A Pakistani Perspective

Ali Ammar^a, Saima Yasin^b, ^aAssistant Professor (English), Govt. Gordon College, Rawalpindi, ^bLecturer, Department of English, University of Jhang, Email: ^aaliammar26812@gmail.com, ^bsaimayasin@uoj.edu.pk

The current paper focuses its attention on the theorising of feminism; activism based on these theories and politics within. It holds the hypothesis that the off-shoots of contemporary feminist theories have become common and established clichés to challenge the established principles that are beneficial for both sexes. Current feminist agenda has fallen prey to its internal politicising and extreme activism in different spheres of life which has disturbed the essential appropriateness of social institutions and needs to be revised with peaceful minds in order to avoid the already deteriorating harmony in roles of sexes and the extremists positioning of biases of both sexes. Applying textual analysis on the currents of feminist theory, its activism and politics within, the paper probes into the practical manifestations of feminist politics activism from Pakistani society and places it in juxtaposition with the evolution of feminist theories to enumerate the gap between the theory and practicalities which seems to be evermore increasing. The results of this exploration try to establish the concept that in finding their freedom and equality, feminist theorists have boarded on an extremist agenda which has harmed them more politically, socially and psychologically than putting them at par with male sex in different spheres of life. Pages 82 to 89

Pdf

Consumers’ Attitudes Towards the Purchase of Counterfeit Fashion Products in Pakistan

Bahadur Ali Soomro^a Nadia A. Abdelmegeed Abdelwahed^b, ^aDepartment of Economics, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Sciences and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan, ^bBusiness Management School, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia,

This study examines the constructs that predict the consumers’ attitudes towards counterfeit fashion products in Pakistan. This study confirms these predictions by using a survey questionnaire to collect responses from 396 consumers of Pakistan. We employed structural equation modeling to ensure the proposed relationships. The study's findings found a positive and significant impact of value consciousness, brand consciousness, materialism, and social influence on consumers’ attitudes towards counterfeit fashion products (ATCFP). However, the perceived risk has an insignificant impact on consumers’ ATCFP. Further, among the respondents, ATCFP has a positive and significant impact on their intentions to purchase such products. This study’s findings provide industrialists and retailers with guidelines in developing better policies and designs to attract and capture new consumers and, more particularly, in the context of a developing country. The study theoretically extends the understanding of consumer attitudes to purchasing counterfeit fashion products in developing countries and consumers purchase intention and reasons to buy counterfeit fashion products. Besides, this study’s results may help the manufacturers of original fashion brand products to comprehend that a developing country’s consumers are affected by others. The innovative sellers of branded fashion products should be ambitious in connecting with their consumers and attaining word-of-mouth recommendations. Pages 90 to 111

Pdf

Impact of Participative Leadership on Proactive Work Behaviour:  The Mediating Role of Psychological Capital Evidence of Higher Educational Institutions Pakistan

Dr. Nagina Gul^a*, Rabia Qurban^b, Dr. Muhammad Anwer^c, Dr. Niamatullah^d_, Dr. Safdar Hussain^e, ^aAssistant Professor, Department of Management Sciences, Faculty of Management Sciences, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering & Management Sciences, (BUITEMS) Quetta 87650, Pakistan, ^bPh.D. Scholar  Department of Management Sciences, Faculty of Management Sciences, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering & Management Sciences, (BUITEMS) Quetta 87650, Pakistan, ^cPrincipal Special Education Department Gilgit-Baltistan Pakistan, ^dAssistant Professor Department of Education, Faculty of Education LUAWMS Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan, ^eDepartment of Educational Development, Karakoram International University, Gilgit. Pakistan. Email: ^a*nagina.gul@buitms.edu.pk, ^bmeeltingsnow@gmail.com, ^cdr.manwer19@gmail.com, ^dniamat.edu@luawms.edu.pk, ^esafdar_tla@yahoo.com

This study explores the role of leadership style as an effectivemotivational mechanism in recent  years that the effect mechanism of leadership will become a warm situation in organisational behaviour and management fields. The paper used structural equation modelling and go-sectional layout to test suggestion hypotheses based totally on the empirical statistics accrued from 378 contributors inside the higher schooling group of Quetta. The results of this  found out the fine and essential impact of the mediating role of psychological capital in the relationship between participative leadership and proactive work behaviour. The findings highlighted the mediating role of psychological capital in the relationship between participative leadership and proactive work conduct. Through  participation, the organisation may also improve the personnel’ proactive work behaviour because the observation supported this argument. The examination has contributed to growing the relationship between the participative management and worker overall performance by including an unexplored moderator, that is – positive psychological capital – in an overlooked social setting of the social public area organisation. Pages 112 to 131

Pdf

The Impact of Fiscal Decentralisation on Economic Growth in Indonesia and Pakistan: A Comparative Study between Central Sulawesi and Balochistan

Mir Hassan^a, Nagina Gul^b*, Saubia Ramzan^c, Muhammad Anwer^d, Dr. Niamatullah^{e a}MS. Scholar, School of Government & Public Policy (SGPP) Indonesia, ^bAssistant Professor, Department of Management Sciences, Faculty of Management Sciences, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering & Management Sciences, Quetta (BUITEMS), ^cDean, Faculty of Management Sciences, Business and IT, University of Balochistan Quetta, ^dPrincipal Special Education Department Gilgit-Baltistan Pakistan, ^eAssistant Professor Department of Education, Faculty of Education LUAWMS Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan

This paper examines the impact of fiscal decentralisation on economic growth in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, and Balochistan, Pakistan. Within the framework of a Pooled OLS (Ordinary Least Square), the fixed-effect model and random effect model were employed in this thesis on a set of dynamic panel data models with latent variables from 1990 to 2019 in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, and from 1992 to 2019 in Balochistan, Pakistan. There are two indicators of fiscal decentralisation, namely local revenue and local expenditure, which were used to estimate the impact of fiscal decentralisation. Data for this study came from secondary sources; BPS (Badan Pusat Statistik) Indonesia and PBS (Pakistan Bureau of Statistics). The empirical findings of this study suggest that two fiscal decentralisation indicators and employment (LFPR) have a significant positive impact on economic growth in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. However, human capital (education) is negatively correlated with economic growth in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. On the other hand, the empirical findings of this study also suggest that two fiscal decentralisation indicators and human capital (education) have a significant positive impact in Balochistan, Pakistan. However, employment (LFPR) is negatively correlated with economic growth. Finally, there is a high consensus on the relationship between fiscal decentralisation and economic growth in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, and Balochistan, Pakistan. Pages 147 to 164

Pdf

The Impact of Organisational Commitment and Job Embeddedness on Employee Turnover Intention in the Hotel Industry of Pakistan: The Mediating Impact of Job Satisfaction

Abuzar Khan^a, Syed Muneer Ahmed Shah^b, Nazar Hussain^c, Sanaullah Abro^d ,Shoukat Ali Mahar^e, ^aSchool of Management Science QAU Islamabad, Pakistan, ^b,c,d,eDepartment of Public Administration SALU Khairpur, Pakistan, Email: ^cnazar.hussain@salu.edu.pk

This quantitative research study, based on primary data, aims to identify the relationship and signification of the job embeddedness and organisation commitment on employees’ turnover intention in the hotel industry in Pakistan. The data was collected from five hotels based in twin metropolitan cities of Pakistan (Rawalpindi and Islamabad), and equal opportunity to participate was provided to both males and females. The convenience random dappling strategy was used to opt the data. The current study identified that organisational commitment has a significant relationship with job satisfaction, showing data as (ΔR²  = .736 at p < 0.01), while a significant and positive relationship of job embeddedness and job satisfaction has been identified, with highly correlated values between the variables. There has been mediation impact supported by the results of the study, which says that organisational commitment and job embeddedness is significant and highly inverse with (β=-0.396 at p< 0.05) against employees’ turnover intention. Thus, in the hotel industry of Pakistan, job satisfaction highly mediates the prelateship of the embeddedness and commitment with the turnover intention. Pages 165 to 178

Pdf

Too Busy, Too Bad? Grey, Outside, Busy and Overlap Directors and Financial Performance in Pakistan

Muhammad Rizwan Ullah^a*, Ahmed Chand^b, Sadaf Akram^c, Aamir Inam Bhutta^d, Muhammad Ahmed^e, ^a,d,eLyallpur Business School, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan. ^bDepartment of Commerce and Finance, Superior University, Lahore, Pakistan. ^cDepartment of Commerce, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan, Email: ^a*mrizwanullah77@gmail.com, ^bahmedchand186@gmail.com, ^csadafakramgcwuf@gmail.com, ^daamirinam@gcuf.edu.pk, ^eraianjum@gmail.com 

Regardless of the belief of reformers that a greater percentage of independent directors on a corporate board is better for good governance, it is relatively unknown whether the enhanced focus on independence of a board is able to increase firm performance in the current framework of corporate governance. Thus, this study analyses the impact of grey, outside, busy and overlap directors on firm performance in Pakistani listed firms, using data for the period 2014-2019. The study uses grey directors, outside directors, busy directors and overlap directors as explanatory variables, while firm performance is used as the main outcome variable. The potential ways for interactions between directors and firm performance (FP) are built on the basis of theories and past empirical findings. In line with theories and code of corporate governance standards, the study draws conclusion that grey, outside and busy directors (overlap directors) positively (negatively) contribute to improving FP. The study suggests increasing (decreasing) the ratio of grey, outside and busy directors (overlap directors). Pages 179 to 196

Legal Frameworks on the Right to Know in Iraq

Marwan Kamel Jomaah Alkhalidy^a, Zalina Binti Abdul Halim^b, ^aPh.D candidate, College of Law University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, ^bCollege of Law, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

How to Counter Terrorism and Extremism in the Middle East: Jordan’s Measurements and Strategies

Bader Seetan Al-Madi, The German Jordanian University, School of Applied Humanities and Languages, Amman- Jordan 11180, Email: bader.madi67@gmail.com

Potential Threats of Consumer Textiles

Asna Mubashra, Incharge Department of Textile Design, College of Art & Design, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan Email: asnamubashra786@gmail.com ; asna.cad@pu.edu.pk

Nurses’ Knowledge, Trends, and Infection Control Practices toward COVID-19

Samah El Awady Bassam¹, Khaled Fahad Al Hosis ¹ Associate Professor, Pediatric Nursing, Collage of Nursing, Qassim University, Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ²Associate Professor, Nursing Administration, Collage of Nursing, Qassim University, Kingdom Of Saudi, Corresponding Email: s.basam@qu.edu.sa; awadysss@yahoo.com

COVID-19 is caused by a viral infection and nurses are at high risk of gaining this infection while providing nursing care to patients. Therefore, it’s vital to evaluate their performance in regard to COVID-19. Research Aims: To examine nurses’ knowledge, trends, and infection control practices toward COVID-19. Methodology: Cross sectional research design conducted at Prince Sultan Cardiac Centre, King Fahd Specialist Hospital and Buraidah Central Hospital. The subjects were 200 nurses, through convenience sample. An online survey was conducted using Google form, which contained four parts (characteristics, knowledge, trends and practice). Results: The mean age of studied nurses was 31.98 (6.94) years, 95% of them were female, 54% were married and 93% of studied nurses had a BSN. Educational level and age were positive predictors in nurses’ knowledge. The total knowledge, trends, experience and educational level had a positive impact on nurses’ practices. The total knowledge, married nurses, age and experience were positive predictors for nurses’ trends. Conclusions: The current study concluded that half of studied nurses had good knowledge and more than one third had an average knowledge level. In related trends, less than two thirds of studied nurses had positive trends. According to practice level, around two thirds of studied nurses had competent practices. Pages 235 to 246

The Influence of Attitude Towards Facebook Advertising on Purchase Intention: Brand Page "Like" Intention to Participate in Word of Mouth as a Mediator

Hafizullah^a, Zia Ullah Khan^b, Muhammad Kaleem^c, Muhammad Khushnood^d, Zeeshan Zaib Khattak^e, Sammar Abbas^f, ^a,b,c,d,e,fInstitute of Business Studies, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat KP-Pakistan, Email: ^fsabbas@kust.edu.pk

Constructivism in Numeracy: Impact Of Inventive Measures on Grade I Students

Sara Sehar ^a, Dr. S  Khurram Khan Alwi^b*, Dr. Zobia Zaman^c, ^aPhD Schlor Greenwich University, Karachi, ^bAssociate Professor, Greenwich University, Karachi, ^cTrainer at IQCS INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS PTY LTD 7 Korana Street Plympton, South Australia, Email: ^aseharsara6@gmail.com, ^bdrkhurramkhan@outlook.com, ^czobiazaman@yahoo.com  

Integration of Cultural Fit, Strategy Fit and Strategic Fit to Harness the Competitive Advantage: A Dynamic Capabilities Paradigm

Mehreen Waheed^a*, Sadia Iftikhar^b, ^cDr. Sarwar Azhar^c, ^aPh.D Scholar of Management Sciences, ^a,b Serving as Lecturer in National University of Modern Languages (NUML)Lahore Campus, ^cPhD from the Nottingham University,UK Business School,Email:^a*mehreenwaheed@numl.edu.pk,^bsadiaiftikhar@numl.edu.pk,^csarwar.azhar@iba-suk.edu.pk

Factors Affecting Consumers’ Impulse Buying Behaviour in Jordan Telecom Operators

Mohamad Alghzawi^a, Saeed Tarabieh^b, Mahmoud Alghizzawi^c, ^a,bFaculty of Business, Marketing Department, Mutah University, al karak, Jordan; ^cFaculty of Business and Management, Marketing Department, University Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia; Email: ^aM.alghizawi@gmail.com, ^btarabieh@mutah.edu.jo, ^cdr.alghzawi87@gmail.com

The Development of a Collaborative Training Model for Elementary School Teachers in Remote Area Indonesia

Piter Joko Nugroho^a, Theo Jhoni Hartanto^b, ^aEducation Management Departement, University of Palangka Raya, Indonesia, ^bPhysic Education Departement, University of Palangka Raya, Indonesia, Email: ^apiter@mp.upr.ac.id, ^btheo@fkip.upr.ac.id

Regional Owned Enterprise Policy Strategies to Increase Local Government Revenues in Indonesia

Azhari Aziz Samudra^a, Evi Satispi^b, Agus Suradika^c, ^aProfessor, Department of Public Administration, Postgraduate Doctoral Program, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta. ^bAssociate Professor, Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Social and Politic Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta. ^cProfessor, Department of Public Administration, Postgraduate Doctoral Program, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta. Email: ^aazhariazis.samudra@umj.ac.id, ^bevi.satispi@umj.ac.id, ^cagus.suradika@umj.ac.id

Qualitative Study on Millennials’ Housing Preferences in Jakarta, Indonesia

Raden Aswin Rahadi^a, Yunilson Mulyano^b, ^aSchool of Business and Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung, ^bSchool of Business and Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Email: ^aaswin.rahadi@sbm-itb.ac.id, ^byunilson_mulyano@sbm-itb.ac.id

Family Ownership and Tunneling Effect in South Asian, Lower-Middle Income Economies

Tanvir Ahmed^a, Dr. Syed Muhammad Ali Tirmizi^b, Dr. Babar Zaheer Butt^c, ^a,b,cFoundation University, Islamabad, Rawalpindi Campus, Pakistan, Email: ^atanvirkhan1979@yahoo.com, ^bdr.alitirmizi@fui.edu.pk, ^cbabarzb@gmail.com

Facets of Internal Marketing and Innovative Work Behaviour: The Intrinsic Motivation Perspective

Safdar Husain Tahir^a*, Mubarak Hussain Haider^b, Nausheen Syed^c, Muhammad Husnain^d, Aisha Saleem^e, Muhammad Mohsin^f, ^a,e,fLyallpur Business School, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan, ^bDepartment of Management Sciences, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad 44310, Pakistan, ^cDepartment of Business Administration, Government College Women University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan, ^dDepartment of Business Administration, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal 57000, Pakistan Email: ^a*drsafdargcuf@gmail.com, ^bphdmaju@gmail.com, ^cnausheen@gcwuf.edu.pk, ^dm.husnain@uosahiwal.edu.pk ^eaishajawad786@hotmail.com, ^fmdkmohsin83@gmail.com

Eye-tracking in Second Language Reading

Ivana Roncevic, University of Zagreb

DOI: 10.53333/IJICC2013/15523

Awareness of Women and Employment Opportunities in Tourism and Hotels Sector and Empowerment According to the Vision of the Kingdom 2030

Alfatma Fatehallah Salama^a, Ghada Abdulrahman AlTurif^b, ^aAssistant Prof, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University College of Community, ^bProf, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University College of Social Services, Department of Social Planning

An Investigation Study of Challenges in the Transition from Traditional to Virtual Teamwork During COVID-19 in UAE Organisations

Fatima AlZaabi¹, Maryam AlShehhi¹, Noora AlShehhi¹, Ranya Wadi¹, Ruqayya Alhebsi¹, Muataz Hazza Al Hazza^1*, Mohammed Alnahhal¹, Ahmad Sakhrieh^1,2, ¹Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, 10021, United Arab Emirates. ²Mechanical Engineering Department, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan, Email: muataz.alhazza@aurak.ac.ae

The Effect of Personality on Office Politics Perception: An Experience from Malaysian Government Agencies

Daud, Z.^a_, Saiful Azizi, I.^b_, Sallehuddin, M.R.^c_,  ^a,b,cSchool of Business Management, Universiti Utara Malaysia

Management of the Crisis during the COVID-19 Epidemic: Dead Sea Hotels in Jordan - Case Study

AL-Nsour Belal, Ph.D, Assistant Professor, School of business, Al-Balqa Applied University, Jordan,   Email: belal@bau.edu.jo

University Supervisors’ Perceptions on Preservice Teachers’ Lesson Planning During Teaching Practice: The Case of a South African University

Mbusiseni C. Dube¹, Chinaza Ulienya², Dumsani W Mncube³,  ^1,3University of Zululand, KwaZulu.Natal, South Africa, ²University of South Africa, Gauteng, South Africa

Self-Esteem, Peer Pressure, Personality Traits and Parental Bonding as Associated Factors of the Social Competencies of Adolescents

Kehinde C. Lawrence^a; Awosanya O. Olabisi^b. Department of Educational Psychology and Special Education, Faculty of Education University of Zululand, South Africa¹; Department of Guidance and Counselling, Faculty of Education, University of Ibadan, Nigeria². ^alawrencek@unizulu.ac.za/lawrence.clement@ymail.com; ^bbisisanya68@yahoo.com

Promotion of Nationalism: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Imran Khan’s National Assembly Speech

Islam Badshah, Assistant Professor Department of English, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan. (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6808-873X) Email: ibadshah@numl.edu.pk

DOI: 10.53333/IJICC2013/15546

Investigating the Moderating Role of Terrorism Fear on the Relationship between Economic Value and Teachers Job Satisfaction: Evidence from Education Sector

Dr. Noor Ul Hadi^a*, Ayesha Dar^b, Ghayur Ahmad^c, Dr. Malik F. Saleh^d, ^a,c,dCollege of Business Administration, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, ^bDepartment of Business Administration, Foundation University Islamabad, Email: ^an_hadi1@yahoo.com, ^bayeshadar1@live.com, ^cmarchingdawn@gmail.com,  ^dmsaleh@pmu.edu.sa

The Role of Lean Production and Other Technologies in Reducing Production Costs

Naji Shayeb Kayem, Baghdad College of Economic Sciences University, Email: najialrekaby@baghdadcollege.edu.iq

Transformational Leadership and Organizational Performance: A Mediating-Moderating Role of Knowledge Sharing and Organizational Cynicism

Wasim ul Rehman^a, Faryal Jalil^b, Masood Hassan^c, Suleyman Degirmen^d, Maryam Sarfraz Cheema^e, ^a,e Department of Business Administration, University of the Punjab Gujranwala Campus, Pakistan, ^bInstitute of Quality & Technology Management, University of the Punjab Lahore Campus, Pakistan, , ^c Institute of Business Management (IoBM), Karachi, ^dThe School of Social and Human Sciences, Konya Food and Agriculture University, Turkey, Email: ^awasim.rehman@pugc.edu.pk, ^bfaryal.iqtm@pu.edu.pk, ^cmasoodhassan1@hotmail.com, std_21855@iobm.edu.pk, ^dsuleyman.degirmen@gidatarim.edu.tr

Sentiment Analysis through application of Big Data in online Retail Industry: A Conceptual Quantitative Study from the Perspectives of IT experts

Dr. Sadia Shaikh^a, Muhammad Faisal Sultan^b, Dr. Farhan Zeb Khaskhelly^c, Nida Zehra^d, ^aAssistant Professor, Benazir School of Business, Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University, Karachi, Pakistan. ^bAssistant Professor, Business Administration Department, KASBIT, Karachi, Pakistan, ^cAssistant Professor, IBA, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan, ^dPhD Scholar, IBA, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan, Email: ^asadiakhurram@live.com

Big-Data is perceived as the source which may provide enormous to research as well as to business through influencing organizational performance. However, there are very few studies which highlighted the role of this evolving technology with the reference of Pakistan as low level of understanding of technology which is even highlighted by Gallop Pakistan. According to research the technology is significantly important for retail sector and might produce effective result for optimization of sales and growth. Hence there is a need to verify these postulates through relating the use of technology with Pakistan. Therefore, this study tried to conceptualize the impact of big-data application on the pricing mechanism of online retail stores of Pakistan through the opinion of IT experts. SMART-PLS has been used to analyze results of perception regarding the use of technology which significantly indicated importance of big-data for online retailers. Pages 600 to 619

Determinants influencing green consumption behaviour of household appliances in Vietnam

Ha Thu Luong^a*, Manh Dung Tran^a*, Duc Canh Le^b, Son Khanh Tran^c, Chi Ngoc Bao Nguyen^d, Huyen Khanh Ngo^e, Trang Nhat Tran^d, ^aNational Economics University, Vietnam, ^bSchool of Advanced Education Programs, National Economics University, Vietnam, ^cDepartment of Excellence Business Administration, National Economics University, Vietnam. ^dDepartment of Advanced Accounting, National Economics University, Vietnam. ^eDepartment of Excellence HRM, National Economics University, Vietnam. Email: ^a*haluongthu@neu.edu.vn; ^a*manhdung@ktpt.edu.vn

Improving Corporate Stability Through Regulatory and Financial Reporting Within the Banking Sector in Saudi Arabia

Yosra Hamza^a, Abeer Atallah Aloudat^b, Maher Diab Abulaila^c, Sukinah Abdullah Aljishi^d, Sara Qasem Al- Suwaidi^e, Hala Sulaiman Alturki^f, Department of Accounting, College of Applied Studies and Community Services, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.

Academic Self-Efficacy as a Mediator Between Fear of Failure and Academic Stress Among High School Students During Covid-19

Ayman Gamal Khalifa, PhD, TVTC Directorate of Research and Studies, Saudi Arabia, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4178-3481, Email: a.ghanem@tvtc.gov.sa

Are Islamic and Conventional Stock Indices Temporally Related? Evidence from Pakistan

Dr. Mustafa Afeef^a, Dr. Anjum Ihsan^b, Dr. Fayaz Ali Shah^c, Dr. Shahid Jan Kakakhel^d, Imran Khan^e, ^a,b,cAssistant Professor, Department of Management Sciences, Islamia College Peshawar, Pakistan, ^dAssociate Professor, Department of Management Sciences, Islamia College Peshawar, Pakistan, ^ePhD Scholar, Department of Management Sciences, Islamia College Peshawar, Pakistan, Email: ^amustafa@icp.edu.pk, ^bsearchanjum@yahoo.com, ^cfayaz@icp.edu.pk, ^dshahidjan@icp.edu.pk, ^eimrankhan.pk87@gmail.com

Scope and Conditions of Damages for Air Carrier’s Liability Caused by Delay in Terms of the Travel Contract Issued by Emirate Airlines

Prof. Dr. Mahmoud Fayyad^a*, Prof. Dr. Koen Byttebier^b, ^aAssociate Prof. College of Law, University of Sharjah, ^bProfessor, Department of Private and Economic Law, VUB, Email: ^a*mfayyad@sharjah.ac.ae,  ^bKoen.Byttebier@vub.be

University Students’ Assessment of a Service-Learning Project for Developing Teaching Materials

Juan Lucas Onieva López^a, John Ramírez Leyton^b, Raúl Cremades^c, Soledad Ortega^d, ^a,c,dDepartment of Didactics of Languages, Arts and Sports. Faculty of Education. University of Málaga. Campus Teatinos, s/n. Málaga (29071), Spain. ^aORDIC: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7843-9054, ^cORDIC: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9265-6071, ^dORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4501-0088, ^bCooperative of Evaluation and Research Services. 210 Calle José Oliver, San Juan, (00918). Puerto Rico. ORDIC: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9638-3349, Email: ^ajuanlucas@uma.es, ^bjrleyton@gmail.com, ^ccremades@uma.es, ^dsortega@uma.es

DOI: 10.53333/IJICC2013/15564

Assessing the Impact of Organisational Practices on Organisational Performance

Shoukat Ali Mahar, Syed Muneer Ahmed Shah, and Nazar Hussain, Department of Public Administration Khairpur Mirs, Sindh Pakistan

The Principal in Forming Teacher Work Motivation in the Covid-19 Pandemic Period at Senior High School 1 Sigli

Sumarjo^a, Basri^b, Muhammad^c, Muhammad Iqbal^d, ^a,b,c,dUniversity of Jabal Ghafur, email: ^asumarjounigha@gmail.com, ^bbasriunigha@gmail.com, ^cmuhammadpenjas84@gmail.com, ^dmuhammadiqbal@unigha.ac.id

How Pharmaceutical Marketing Manipulates the Prescription Pattern of Physicians? A Grounded Theory Study

Dr. Fazle Malik^a, Dr. Muhammad Asif^b, Dr. Ilyas Sharif^c, Dr. Shakeel Khan^d, Dr. Luqman Hakeem^e, ^aField manager, Otsuka Pakistan Ltd, Islamabad, ^bAssistant Professor, Management Sciences Department, City University of Science and IT, Peshawar, Pakistan, ^cLecturer Quaid e Azam College of Commerce, University of Peshawar, ^dLecturer, Institute of Management Studies University of Peshawar, ^eNational Consultant, UNICEF, Country office, Email: ^afazalmalikopl@gmail.com, ^basifbaloch@cusit.edu.pk, ^cPakistan.ilyasqacc@uop.edu.pk, ^dshakeel.ims@uop.edu.pk, ^eIslamabad.meetluqman@hotmail.com

A comparative study of Academic self-efficacy level of secondary school students in Rural and Urban Areas of District Peshawar, Pakistan

Siraj Khan¹, Dr. Amjad Reba², Dr. Adnan shahzad^{3 1}Ph.D Scholar, Institute of Education and Research, University of Peshawar. ²Assistant Professor, Institute of Education and Research, University of Peshawar, ³Subject Specialist, Elementary and secondary Education Department. Email: ¹khan1ier@gmail.com, ²amjadreba@uop.edu.pk

The Phenomenon of Code-Mixing as Practised in Online Newspapers for Vietnamese Youth and the Issue of Preserving the Purity of Vietnamese

Le Thi Thuy Vinh, Hanoi Pedagogical University No. 2

Impact of the Financial Indicators on Bank Performance and a Comparison of Small and Large Banks - Evidence from the Bahrain

Mohammad Adnan¹, Ahmad Tisman Pasha², Dr. Rashid Mehmood³, Maria Sadiq⁴, Muhammad Waris⁵, Dr. Rana Tahir Naveed⁶ (Corresponding Author), ¹SBS Swiss Business School, ²Assistant Professor, Institute of Banking and Finance. Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan. ³Department of Economics and Business Administration, Art & Social Sciences Division, University of Education, Lahore, ⁴MS scholar, Institute of Banking and Finance. Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, ⁵PhD scholar at University Uttara, Malaysia, ⁶Department of Economics and Business Administration, Art & Social Sciences Division, University of Education, Lahore. Email: ¹adnan.abdulhamid@gmail.com, ²tisman@bzu.edu.pk, ³rashid.mehmood@ue.edu.pk, ⁴mariasadiq66@gmail.com, ⁵Muhammadwaris.vf@ue.edu.pk, ⁶Tahir.naveed@ue.edu.pk

The Role of Service Marketing Mix in Assessing Youths’ Decision-Making Styles

Nor Azlin Sulaiman^a, Haryanni Harun^b*, ^aPostgraduate Student, Management and Humanities Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia, ^bManagement and Humanities Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia, Email: ^anor_19001639@utp.edu.my, ^b*haryanniharun@utp.edu.my

The Availability and Use of Information and Communication Technology at Gifted Primary Schools in the Sudan

Dr. Zeinab Abdel Rahman Elhassn Hagge Ahmed¹, Prof. Salaheldin Farah Attallah  Bakhiet², ¹Assistant Professor/ Department of kindergarten/ College of Science and Humanities/ Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz, University, ²Professor / Department of Special Education / College of Education / King Saud University. Email: ¹Z.haggeahmed@psau.edu.sa, ²bakhiet@ksu.edu.sa

Strategic Orientation，Innovation and Entrepreneurship Model and Economic Performance - Empirical Analysis from Chinese Data

Zhang Lianfeng¹, Chen Zhuanqing², Yuriy Danko^{3 1}Sumy National Agrarian University, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, ²Henan Institute of Science and Technology, ³Sumy National Agrarian University

Rapid Prototyping Technology Roadmapping For SMEs: Issues, Challenges & A Pragmatic Implementation Approach

Ayyaz Ahmad¹*, Isam A.Q.Elbadawi², Asif Mahmood³, ^1,2Department of Industrial & System Engineering University of Hail, Saudi Arabia,  ³Department of Business Studies, Namal Institute, Mianwali 42250, Pakistan, Email: ^1*ay.ahmad@uoh.edu.sa or ayz90@hotmail.com, ²i.elbadawi@uoh.edu.sa or isam149@gmail.com, ³asif.mahmood@namal.edu.pk or mahmood.engineer@gmail.com

Risk Management Practices in Small and Medium Enterprises: A Bibliometric Analysis

Manzar Abbas Hydari^a, Dr. Alia Ahmed^b, Dr. Taseer Salahuddin^c, aResearcher at National College of Business Administration & Economics, Lahore, ^bDean Business School, National College of Business Administration & Economics, Lahore, ^cAssistant Professor, Economics, Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Email: ^amahydari@gmail.com, ^bdralia@ncbae.edu.pk, ^csalahuddin.taseer@gmail.com

The Post-Cold War International Political Development in Europe: From Bipolar to Unipolarity Structure

Mohd. Noor Yazid, Programme of International Relations, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia, Email: mohdnoor@ums.edu.my

Understanding the Contemporary Innovation Orientation of Informal Micro-Enterprises

Dr Lavhelesani Mulibana^a, Prof Ravinder Rena^b, ^aNWU Alumnus, NWU Business School, Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences, North-West University, Mahikeng Campus, Republic of South Africa, ^bProfessor of Economics, NWU Business School, Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences, North-West University, Mahikeng Campus, Republic of South Africa, Email: ^amulibanalav@gmail.com

The Choice Between Internal and External Sources of Financing of SMEs in Pakistan: A Provincial-Level Analysis

Maryam Jabeen^a, Shahid Ali^b, Muhammad Ali^c, ^aLecturer, Institute of Management Sciences Peshawar, Pakistan, ^b,cTenured Associate Professor, Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan, Email: ^amaryam.jabeen@imsciences.edu.pk, ^bshahid.ali@imsciences.edu.pk

Work Environment Stress: Causes and Outcomes

Muhammad Umair Sajid^a, Mashal Ihsan^b, ^cDr. Amjad Reba, ^a,bM. Phil Scholars, ^cAssistant Professor, University Of Peshawar

The Role of Human Capital, Corruption and Quality of Life in Determining the Crime Rate: Empirics from Pakistan

Alina Qamar^a, Maria Safdar^b, ^aScholar at Faculty: Business, Government and Law, University of Canberra, Australia, ^bLecturer at Department of Economics, University of Sahiwal, Pakistan.

Ritual Arwah Nimaliling of Taba People in Makian Island North Maluku (Between Blessings and Prestige)

Santri Sahar¹, Supriadi Hamdat², Munsi Lampe³, Muhammad Basir⁴, ¹Anthropology Doctoral Program, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia, ^2.3,4Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia, Email: santrisahar@gmail.com¹,  supriadihmdat.sh@gmail.com², munsilampe257@gmail.com³, muhammad.basir.unhas@gmail.com⁴

The Influence of Entrepreneurial Leadership on Business Performance with Innovative Human Resource Practices Mediation on Creative Economy Entrepreneurs in Malang Raya

Armanu^a*, Ana Sofia Aryati^b, Susanti Dwi Ilhami^c and Ratih Amelia^d, ^a,b,c,dDepartment of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia, Email: ^a*armanu@ub.ac.id

CEO Duality and Firm Performance in the Pharmaceutical Industry of China: The Moderating Role of Ownership Type

Noheed Khan^a,  Muhammad Mobeen Shafqat^b, Salman Ali Qureshi^c, Anum Shafique^d, Muhammad Bilal^e*, Waseemullah^f, ^aAssistant Professor, Department of Management Studies, The University of Faisalabad (TUF), Pakistan, ^bAssistant Professor, Department of Business Administration, GC Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan, ^cAssistant Professor, Department of Business Administration, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan, ^dLecturer, University Institute of Management Sciences, PMAS-University of Arid Agriculture Rawalpindi, Pakistan, ^e*BBA Faculty Member/Coordinator, Department of Business & Economics, FG Sir Syed College Rawalpindi, Pakistan, ^fLecturer, Department of Management Sciences, University of Gujrat, Pakistan, Email: ^anoheed.khan@tuf.edu.pk, ^bmobeen.shafqat@gcwus.edu.pk,  ^csalman_qureshi@aiou.edu.pk, ^danum.shafique@uaar.edu.pk, ^e*rao.muhammad.bilal@gmail.com, ^fwaseem.ullah@uog.edu.pk

Some Factors Related to Health Awareness among Female Students at King Saud University in Riyadh

Benayeh Mohammed Saud AlRasheed, Social Work Assistant Professor, College of Art-Department of Social Studies, King Saud University, Riyadh-Saudi Arabia, Email: prof.benayaalrasheed@gmail.com

Cognitive Stylistic Approach to Characterisation in “Miss Brill” by Katherine Mansfield

Dr. Akbar Ali¹, Muhammad Anees², Athar Farooq³, Dr. Liaqat Iqbal⁴, Husamullah⁵, Hina Gul⁶¸ Azhar khan⁷, ¹Assistant Professor Department of English, FATA University, KP, Pakistan, ²Lecturer in English Government College Peshawar. ³Assistant Professor, Department of English, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan, ⁴Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan, ⁵Lecturer, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, KP, Pakistan, ⁶Lecturer in English Jinnah College for women University of Peshawar, ⁷Assistant Professor SRH Campus AWKUM KPK, Pakistan, Email: ¹akbar@fu.edu.pk (correspondence author), ²neesjaffarshah@gmail.com, ⁶hina.gul@uop.edu.pk

Patriarchal Ideology as Gender Discrimination: A Feminist Study of Jane Eyre

Muhammad Anees¹, Dr. Akbar Ali², Dr. Liaqat Iqbal³, Sajjad Ahmad⁴, Irfan Ullah Khan⁵, Azhar khan⁶, ¹Lecturer in English Government College Peshawar, ²Assistant Professor Department of English, FATA University, KP, Pakistan, ³Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan, ⁴Lecturer, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, KP, Pakistan, ⁵Lecturer in English GPGC Bannu, ⁶Assistant Professor SRH Campus AWKUM KPK, Pakistan, Email: ¹neesjaffarshah@gmail.com, ²akbar@fu.edu.pk (Correspondence author), ⁵rabiagee865@gmail.com

Effect of Asset Utilisation and Corporate Growth on Financial Performance

Anum Shafique^a, Abdul Rauf Kashif^b, Dr. Ali Haider^c, Nawal Zaheer^d, Salman Khan^e, ^aLecturer, University Institute Of Management Sciences, Pmas-Uaar, ^bAssistant Professor In Institute Of Southern Punjab Multan, Pakistan, Paksitan, ^cLecturer, Faculty Of Management Sciences, Islamic International University Islamabad, Pakistan. ^dStudent, University Institute Of Management Sciences, Pmas-Uaar, ^eStudent, University Institute Of Management Sciences, Pmas-Uaar, Email: ^aAnum.Shafque@uaar.edu.pk, ^bKashifrauf365@gmail.com, ^cEelihaider@iiu.edu.pk, ^dNawalzaheer95@gmail.com, ^eNamlaskhan353@gmail.com

Analyzing the Relationship between Explicit Knowledge Sharing and Human Resource Performance Efficiency: Evaluating the Moderating Role of Trust

Qaiser Sarwar Khan¹, Dr. Yasir Kamal², Dr. Sonia Sethi³, Azhar khan⁴, Dr. Mohib Ullah⁵, Rehmat Ali⁶, ¹Iqra National University, Peshawar, ²Associate Professor, Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar, ³Lecture, Department of Management Sciences, Islamia College, Peshawar, ⁴Department of Management Sciences, Islamia College, Peshawar, ⁵Assistant Professor Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, ⁶Assistant Professor, Institute of Management Science,

Food Legislation Perspectives and Recommendations, Including a Proposed Model Food Law

Abdul Ghaffar Korai^a, Abdul Samad^b, Ahad Ghaffar^c, Javed Ahmed^d, Imtiaz Ahmed Memon^e, Azhar khan^f, ^aCorresponding Author, Assistant Professor Law, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto University of Law, Karachi, ^bHungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences. ^cLaw student at Government ABD Law College, Sukkur. ^dAdvocate, High Court Sindh. ^eDeputy Director (Monitoring) Criminal Prosecution Service, Law Department, Government of Sindh. ^fAssistant Professor SRH Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. Email: ^akoraiahad71@gmail.com

Impact of Big Data Analytics on Firm Performance with Mediating Role of Decision-Making Performance and Innovation Capability

Shabbar Hussain^a, Afshan Rehman^b, Munnawar Naz Khokhar^c, Misbah Ejaz^d, Muhammad Munir^e, ^aAir University School of Management Sciences, Air University Islamabad Pakistan, ^bFaculty of Management Sciences, IIU Islamabad, Paksitan, ^cDepartment of Management Sciences, COMSAT Islamabad, Pakistan. ^dDepartment of Management Sciences, CUST Islamabad, Pakistan, ^eDepartment of Management & Administrative Sciences, University of Narowal, Pakistan Email: ^ashabbar.hussain@gmail.com, ^dmisbaahshk@gmail.com, ^emuhammad.munir@uon.edu.pk

The Deeper the Well the Colder the Water: The Role of Brand Coolness and Love in the Formation of Consumer’s Engagement with the Lens of S-O-R Approach

Saman Attiq^a, Ansir Ali Rajput^b, Muhammad Umer^c, Hannan Afzal^d, Muhammad Sufyan Ramish^e, ^aAssociate Professor, Air University School of Management, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan, ^bAssociate Professor, Department of Management Sciences, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan, ^cLecturer, Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan, ^dPhD Scholar, University Institute of Management Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, ^eVisiting Faculty, IoBM Karachi, Pakistan . Email: ^asaman.attiq@mail.au.edu.pk, ^brajput@cust.edu.pk, ^cm.umer@comsats.edu.pk, ^dhannanafzal6@gmail.com, ^esmsufyan@gmail.com

Nexus between Emotional Intelligence and Creativity: A Case of University of Peshawar

Dr. Wisal Ahmad¹, Asma Imran², Sakeena³, Dr. Shams ur Rahman⁴, Dr. Mahboob Ullah*⁵, Dr. Tania Mushtaque^{6 1}Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan, ²COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan, ³MPhil Scholar, Department of Political Science, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan, ⁴Assistant professor IBMS, FMCS, the University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan, ⁵Khurasan University, Nangarhar, Afghanistan, ⁶Assistant   professor, IBA, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Pakistan *Corresponding Author: mahboobmails@gmail.com

Emotional Intelligence and Religiosity as Predictors of General Health among Drug Addicts

Dr. Syeda Razia Bukhari^*1, Dr. Muhammad Saad², Ms. Saba Zahid Hayat³, Mr. Syed Karar Rizvi⁴, Dr. Haroon-ur-Rashid⁵, ¹Assistant Professor  & Student Counselor Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, H-8/4 Islamabad (SZABIST, Islamabad Campus), ²Assistant Professor Department of Social Sciences, Iqra University, ^3,4MS Scholar Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, H-8/4 Islamabad (SZABIST, Islamabad Campus ⁵Senior Psychologist CMH Peshawar, Email:  drsyedaraziabukhari@hotmail.com^*1

Fundamental Commandments of Philosophy and Islamic Perspectives-A Research Review

Dr. HM Azhar Usama*¹, Dr Sahibzada Baz Muhammad², Dr. Sadiq Ali³, Laila Ilham⁴, Nisar Mehmood⁵, Ms. Syeda Zahra Gillani⁶, ¹Assistant Professor, Department of Islamic Studies, the University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan, ²Lecturer Islamic Studies, Department University of Balochistan Quetta, ^3,4,5Department of Islamic Studies,  Kohat Universety of Sciences and Tecnology Kohat, Pakistan, ⁶Clinical Psychologist, National Consultant, World Health Organization, Park Road, Islamabad Capital Territory 44000. *¹Corresponding Author: muhammad.azhar@ais.uol.edu.pk

Dissociative Identity Disorder as an Ambivalence: A Critical Analysis of Gogol’s Character in The Namesake

Asma Sharif¹, Dr. Abdul Waheed Qureshi*², Fazal Ghani³, Maryam Munir⁴, ¹MPhil English (Literature), Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan-Pakistan. ²Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan-Pakistan. ³MPhil English, Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology  Dera Ismail Khan-Pakistan, ⁴MPhil English Scholar, Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology Peshawar-Pakistan. ¹asmas821@gmail.com, *²waheedqureshi@awkum.edu.pk, ³fghanikhan55@gmail.com, ⁴msmaryammunir@gmail.com